英国宪法基于成文法、惯例、王室特权和普通法
The UK constitution is based on statutes, conventions, royal prerogatives, and common law
Câu hỏi liên quan (5)
以下哪项不是英国宪法的四个来源之一？
Which of the following is NOT one of the four sources of the UK constitution?
成文法（议会法案）
Statutes (Acts of Parliament)
惯例
Conventions
全民公投
Referendums
普通法
Common law
Giải thích
四个来源是成文法、惯例、王室特权和普通法。全民公投是民主工具，但不是宪法的正式来源。
The four sources are statutes, conventions, royal prerogatives, and common law. Referendums are a democratic tool but are not a formal source of the constitution.
王室特权现在主要由以下哪些人行使？
Royal prerogatives are powers that are now mostly exercised by which of the following?
君主本人
The monarch personally
政府大臣
Government ministers
最高法院法官
Judges in the Supreme Court
上议院成员
Members of the House of Lords
Giải thích
王室特权历史上属于君主，但现在主要由政府大臣代表王室行使。这些权力包括宣战和签订条约。
Royal prerogatives historically belonged to the monarch but are now mostly exercised by government ministers on behalf of the Crown. These include declaring war and signing treaties.
什么是普通法？
What is common law?
议会通过的法律
Laws passed by Parliament
法官通过几个世纪的法庭判决确立的法律原则
Legal principles established by judges through court decisions over centuries
英国签署的国际条约
International treaties signed by the UK
地方议会制定的规则
Rules set by local councils
Giải thích
普通法是法官几个世纪以来通过判决发展而来的法律。它填补了成文法不存在的空白。议会通过的法律是成文法，不是普通法。
Common law is law developed from judges' decisions over centuries. It fills gaps where statutes do not exist. Laws passed by Parliament are statutes, not common law.
以下哪项是英国宪法惯例的例子？
Which of the following is an example of a constitutional convention in the UK?
Magna Carta要求国王咨询男爵
The Magna Carta requires the king to consult barons
君主总是对法案给予御准
The monarch always grants Royal Assent to Bills
议员必须超过21岁
MPs must be over 21 years old
最高法院有12名法官
The Supreme Court has 12 judges
Giải thích
君主总是给予御准是一种惯例——按传统遵循的不成文规则。它没有写在成文法中但总是被遵守。Magna Carta是成文法，不是惯例。
The monarch always granting Royal Assent is a convention — an unwritten rule followed by tradition. It is not written in statute but is always observed. The Magna Carta is a statute, not a convention.
在英国宪法语境中，惯例是什么？
What are conventions in the context of the UK constitution?
议会通过的成文法
Written laws passed by Parliament
君主签署的国际条约
International treaties signed by the monarch
按传统遵循的不成文规则
Unwritten rules followed by tradition
地方议会制定的法规
Regulations made by local councils
Giải thích
惯例是按传统遵循的不成文规则，如君主总是对法案给予御准。选项A描述的是成文法，不是惯例。选项B描述的是条约（王室特权）。选项D描述的是地方法规，不是宪法来源。
Conventions are unwritten rules followed by tradition, such as the monarch always granting Royal Assent to Bills. Option A describes statutes, not conventions. Option B describes treaties (a royal prerogative). Option D describes local regulations, which are not a source of the constitution.