Dân Số và Bản Sắc Dân Tộc
Demographics
The UK population is approximately 67 million. England has about 84% of the total, Scotland approximately 8%, Wales about 5%, and Northern Ireland around 3%.
A national census is conducted every 10 years to gather data on population, age, employment, health, housing, education, and ethnic background. The most recent census was in 2021. It helps the government plan public services and allocate resources.
The population has grown significantly due to natural increase and immigration. People have come from many countries, making the UK one of the most multicultural societies in the world.
Most people live in urban areas. The largest concentration is in south-east England, particularly in and around London. Significant populations also live in the Midlands, northern England, the central belt of Scotland (between Edinburgh and Glasgow), and south Wales.
The UK population is approximately 67 million
England has about 84% of the UK population, Scotland ~8%, Wales ~5%, Northern Ireland ~3%
The census is conducted every 10 years
Từ vựng
The total number of people living in a country or area
An official count and survey of a country's population
Statistical data about the characteristics of a population
The process of people coming to live permanently in a foreign country
Including people from many different cultural backgrounds
Religion
The official state religion in England is Christianity, specifically the Church of England, a Protestant church. The monarch is the Supreme Governor of the Church of England, a role dating to Henry VIII's break with Rome in the 1530s. The Archbishop of Canterbury is its spiritual leader.
In Scotland, the national church is the Church of Scotland, a Presbyterian church. The monarch is not its head. In Wales and Northern Ireland, there is no established state church.
Christianity is the largest religion but declining in proportion. Other major religions include Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Judaism, and Buddhism.
The UK upholds religious freedom — everyone has the legal right to choose their religion or none. Tolerance of different faiths is a fundamental British value. Places of worship include churches, mosques, temples, gurdwaras, and synagogues.
The Church of England is the official state church in England; the monarch is its Supreme Governor
The Church of Scotland is a Presbyterian church; the monarch is NOT its head
Other major religions in the UK: Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Judaism, Buddhism
The Archbishop of Canterbury is the spiritual leader of the Church of England
Từ vựng
The official Protestant church of England
A form of Protestant Christianity governed by elders
The title held by the monarch as head of the Church of England
The right to practise any religion or no religion
A Muslim place of worship
A Jewish place of worship
Ethnic Diversity
The UK is a diverse, multicultural society. People from many ethnic backgrounds live and work here, and this diversity is considered a strength.
After the Second World War, large numbers came from the Caribbean, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh to help rebuild the country. More recently, people have arrived from Eastern Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and East Asia. Each wave added new dimensions to British culture and society.
The largest ethnic group is White British, with significant communities of Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Chinese, African, Caribbean, and mixed heritage backgrounds. Ethnic minority populations continue to grow.
The Equality Act 2010 makes it illegal to discriminate based on race, religion, gender, disability, age, or sexual orientation. Being British means sharing common values: democracy, the rule of law, individual liberty, and mutual respect and tolerance for those with different faiths and beliefs.
The UK is a diverse, multicultural society
After WWII, many people came to the UK from the Caribbean, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh
The Equality Act 2010 makes it illegal to discriminate based on race, religion, gender, disability, age, or sexual orientation
Từ vựng
The presence of people from many different racial and cultural backgrounds
Unfair treatment of people based on characteristics like race or gender
The state of being equal in rights, status, and opportunities
Willingness to accept opinions or behaviour different from one's own
Traditions, achievements, or qualities passed down through generations
Tóm tắt bài học
- UK population is approximately 67 million: England ~84%, Scotland ~8%, Wales ~5%, Northern Ireland ~3%
- A national census is conducted every 10 years; the most recent was in 2021
- The Church of England is the state church; the monarch is its Supreme Governor
- The Church of Scotland is Presbyterian; the monarch is NOT its head
- Major religions besides Christianity: Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Judaism, and Buddhism
- The Equality Act 2010 prohibits discrimination based on race, religion, gender, disability, age, or sexual orientation